English 11B Semester Exam [Flashcards] 2017 Flashcard

English 11B Semester Exam [Flashcards] 2017

Cows On Parade :: essays research papers fc

Dairy animals in the City.      Chicago †the Windy City†¦ Famous for its high rises and the Magnificent Mile, this late spring Chicago was decorated by another milestone, or tourist spots to be increasingly careful. About 300 dairy animals have discovered a transitory home in the roads of downtown and its structures. This broad open craftsmanship venture, sorted out by the Chicago Public Art Program , remembers the city’s modern history, while bringing a feeling of network and magnificence to Chicago’s residents and sightseers. In this â€Å"parade†, each cow is profound just as creative worth. Albeit many may contend, I, despite what might be expected, might want to extol the City of Chicago for the execution of this extraordinary venture.      This project’s thought was brought to Chicago by Peter Hanig, after he saw a comparative venture in Zurich. From the North Michigan Avenue Business Association, the â€Å"cow† thought discovered its way to the Department of Cultural Affairs . This is the manner by which everything began. Supporters dispatched craftsmen, and the dairy animals were on their way.      It is hard to make an understood articulation of whether the backers were attempting to promote utilizing the cows or simply take an interest sacrificially in this wonderful â€Å"parade†. A few dairy animals, for example, â€Å"Give the Lady what She Wants† with shopping sacks on its back is clearly nothing other than promoting for the Marshall Field’s and Co., the cow’s support. The equivalent can be said for the â€Å"Mooving Eli†, close to the Eli’s Cheesecake, which additionally doesn’t mask its promoting nature. A few people are sickened to call this type of promoting an open craftsmanship program.      However, it isn't totally reasonable for censure supporters for needing to utilize the bovines for their own advantage. In the event that dairy animals were purchased with charge cash, at that point this issue would turn out to be extremely questionable. Numerous individuals, with whom I will in general concur, get that albeit a few cows are utilized for publicizing, there are numerous bovines that really decorate and advance the city of Chicago by their essence. One of the models is the â€Å"Stampede† dairy animals, close to the noteworthy Water Tower. This bovine accomplishes a mind boggling much as far as advancing the city and is a genuine case of an open craftsmanship figure that commends the city’s assorted variety of occasions. This bovine is painted with pictures of Chicago’s festivities, for example, the â€Å"Taste of Chicago†, the â€Å"Venetian Night† and the aviation expo. It is for the most part wonderful to see a grin on little children’s faces just as the essences of grown-ups. Bovines On Parade :: expositions look into papers fc Dairy animals in the City.      Chicago †the Windy City†¦ Famous for its high rises and the Magnificent Mile, this late spring Chicago was decorated by another milestone, or tourist spots to be increasingly accurate. Almost 300 cows have discovered a brief home in the avenues of downtown and its structures. This broad open craftsmanship venture, composed by the Chicago Public Art Program , honors the city’s mechanical history, while bringing a feeling of network and excellence to Chicago’s residents and vacationers. In this â€Å"parade†, each dairy animals is profound just as masterful worth. Albeit many may contend, I, despite what might be expected, might want to acclaim the City of Chicago for the execution of this incredible task.      This project’s thought was brought to Chicago by Peter Hanig, after he saw a comparative venture in Zurich. From the North Michigan Avenue Business Association, the â€Å"cow† thought discovered its way to the Department of Cultural Affairs . This is the manner by which everything began. Supporters charged craftsmen, and the dairy animals were on their way.      It is hard to make an understood explanation of whether the patrons were attempting to publicize utilizing the bovines or simply take an interest magnanimously in this sublime â€Å"parade†. A few dairy animals, for example, â€Å"Give the Lady what She Wants† with shopping packs on its back is clearly nothing other than promoting for the Marshall Field’s and Co., the cow’s support. The equivalent can be said for the â€Å"Mooving Eli†, close to the Eli’s Cheesecake, which likewise doesn’t camouflage its promoting nature. A few people are nauseated to call this type of publicizing an open craftsmanship program.      However, it isn't totally reasonable for reprimand backers for needing to utilize the dairy animals for their own advantage. In the event that cows were purchased with charge cash, at that point this issue would turn out to be extremely questionable. Numerous individuals, with whom I will in general concur, get that albeit a few cows are utilized for publicizing, there are numerous dairy animals that really enhance and enhance the city of Chicago by their essence. One of the models is the â€Å"Stampede† dairy animals, close to the memorable Water Tower. This dairy animals accomplishes an inconceivable much as far as advancing the city and is a genuine case of an open workmanship figure that praises the city’s assorted variety of occasions. This bovine is painted with pictures of Chicago’s festivities, for example, the â€Å"Taste of Chicago†, the â€Å"Venetian Night† and the aviation expo. It is for the most part magnificent to see a grin on little children’s faces just as the essences of grown-ups.

Getting a Loan with Bad Credit Its Possible. Heres How.

Getting a Loan with Bad Credit Its Possible. Heres How. Getting a Loan with Bad Credit? Its Possible. Heres How. Getting a Loan with Bad Credit? Its Possible. Heres How.Lets face it: Nobody likes to be judged. But when it comes to loans, its going to happen. Creditors are going to look deep into your credit history and make a decision about whether or not to lend to you. Lenders need to determine how risky it would be to lend money to a borrower. And if youve got bad credit, you might expect to be shown the door right away.But dont panic! Even if you have bad credit, its still possible to get a loan. Heres how.Know Your Credit Score and Know What It MeansLenders know your credit score, and you should too. When youre applying for a loan, that three-digit FICO score is going to play a big role in whether or not youre approved. If you dont know your FICO score, there are plenty of ways you can find it. You can check your credit score for free using Experians FreeCreditReport.com site; you can ask your bank if they provide free credit scores; you can even request one directly from FICO themselves†"though theyll make you pay for it.So now that you know how to find your credit score, how can you improve it? Check out the OppLoans ebook Credit Workbook: The OppLoans Guide to Understanding Your Credit, Credit Report and Credit Score to learn if you have bad, fair, or good creditâ€"and then, what you can do about it!)When it comes to getting a personal loan, borrowers with a credit score above 720 typically pay an 11-percent interest rate. Those with subprime credit pay almost three times as much â€" 29 percent! For borrowers with a credit score below 550, many traditional lenders wont offer a loan at all.Sound Advice: Dont despair! Borrowers with bad credit still have options like safe installment loans and certain no credit check loans (or soft credit check loans!)Do NOT Take Out a Payday LoanIf you happen to fall into the “poor credit” category, youll likely find your loan application has been turned down at the bank. However, you wont have to look far to find people, both online and on the street, advertising “quick cash” for borrowers with bad credit. Many of these are payday loans, and they are dangerous.Payday lenders will likely give you a loan, but theyll make you pay for it. Literally. You can expect an APR of 350 percent or more. Rates that high are how payday loans trap low income borrowers in a cycle of predatory debt.[1] So if youre thinking about taking out a payday loan, DONT DO IT.Worried you might be dealing with a predatory lender? Check out the warning signs in our ebook How to Protect Yourself From Payday Loans Predatory Lenders.If Your Credit Is Bad, Build ItHeres the truth: Bad credit can mean that youre going to have to pay more for a loan. Its as simple as that. However, your credit score isnt written in stone. If your credit is currently lower than youd like, the best thing to do is build it up before taking out a loan.We know, it sounds daunting. Also, its going to take a little bit of time. But dont worry, you can do it by following these six steps.Sound Advice: Stay below 30 percent of your credit card limit to boost your credit score.Consider Personal Installment LendersBuilding credit sounds great, but sometimes emergencies happen and you need funds immediately. A payday loan might be tempting, but there are better options out there.One place to look for a bad credit loan is with personal installment lenders. A personal installment loan can used to cover emergency expenses or to consolidate higher-interest debt. These lenders consider many factors when evaluating a loan application â€" not just your credit score â€"so youll probably have better luck with them. Also, not to toot our own horn, but OppLoans scores 4.9/5 stars with the Better Business Bureau ® based on customer reviews. Toot toot!Opt for a Secured LoanSecured loans are a good way for borrowers with bad credit to boost their appeal when applying for a loan. With a secured loan, a borrower offers an asset â€" a home or car, for instan ce â€" as collateral. It makes lenders more likely to approve a loan because they know they can take possession of the asset to cover their losses if the loan is not repaid. Just make sure you avoid short-term, high-interest title loans! They are definitely not worth the risk.Sound Advice â€" Be careful when choosing collateral for a secured loan. If you default on the loan, you will lose your collateral.Join a Credit UnionCredit unions are a good option for borrowers with bad credit. Theyre like banks, but when you apply for a loan, they dont evaluate you purely on your credit score. The trick, however, is that you have to be a member, so you have to convince them to grant you membership. They look at your financial health, but they also make a decision based on factors like where you live, where you work, or where you went to school. You can search for credit unions near you through mycreditunion.gov.Sound Advice: Professional groups often form credit unions, so try to find one th rough your job.Get a Co-SignerAnother option for borrowers with bad credit is to get a co-signer. With a co-signer, the interest rate for the loan will be calculated based on the credit rating of the person you sign with. So find someone with good credit who trusts you to repay the loan. But be careful. That person will be equally responsible for payment, so if you fall behind, theyll suffer for it too.Sound Advice: Cherish your co-signer. Payment information will be recorded to both of your credit reports.At OppLoans, we believe that you deserve better than a payday loan. Thats why we offer personal installment loans with longer terms (6-36 months) and lower rates (up to 125 percent less) than your typical payday or title loan. Plus, our customers rate us an average of 4.9 out of 5 stars on Google.References: “Bulusu, Siri. “How Small Short-Term Loans Draw Vulnerable Borrowers Into Big Long-Term Debt.” Medill News Service. Accessed September 30, 2016,from http://news.medill.n orthwestern.edu/chicago/how-small-short-term-loans-draw-vulnerable-borrowers-into-big-long-term-debt/

Drivers License for Illegal Immigrants - 763 Words

14 March 2012 Driver`s License for Illegal Immigrants Should illegal immigrants be given a driver`s license in California? In the Sacramento Bee article â€Å"License battle resurfaces† by Jim Sanders on February 26, 2012, the author informs that Assemblyman Gil Cedillo tried again to grant driver`s licenses to undocumented immigrants which were vetoed by Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger years ago, but now Gil Cedillo wants to work with Democratic Gov. Jerry Brown on this issue that can â€Å"pass muster† because Latinos played a key role to help Brown get elected in 2010. In 2011, Brown signed the dream act to expand college financial aid for undocumented immigrants who have lived in California for years, so many Latinos cheered him. As a†¦show more content†¦They have all the rights that American citizens should have. Giving someone here illegally a driver`s license is much more than giving them the privilege of driving. It`s giving them the key to the kingdom. Accord ing to the article, the veteran GOP lawmaker said â€Å"Bad ideas seem to die slowly in the Capital.† I agree that the issue â€Å"Granting driver`s licenses to undocumented immigrants† is a bad idea. However, the issue supporters agree that California should allow undocumented immigrants to be licensed, tested, and insured. According to the article â€Å"Supporters say undocumented immigrants should be able to drive to work or take their children to school without fear of having their vehicles confiscated if they are stopped by police.† A lot of undocumented immigrants have lived in California for years. Their kids were born in America. They need a job to make a living, feed their family, and educate their kids. In America, no matter where you go, you need a car, so you have to drive every day. â€Å"Many undocumented immigrants drive now, but without licenses, insurance or state testing to ensure competence.† Therefore, Los Angeles Police Chief Charlie Beck told Los Angeles Times on last Wednesday that he is in favor of granting driver`s licenses to illegal immigrants. If this issue passes, all the illegal immigrants will need to get their driver`s licenses, buy their own cars, buy car insurance etc, so then that willShow MoreRelatedThe Real Id Act994 Words   |  4 PagesU.S. driver’s license. Congress said the Real ID Act is about security, not stigmas. The law was intended to set principles for states that issue licenses and to procure acceptable documents. However, due to budgets, there are not enough resources to verify the accuracy of these documents from foreign countries. This is based solely on three 9/11 hijackers being able to obtain state identification cards while using fictitious documents. In total, thirty three hijackers acquired state driver’s licensesRead MoreUndocumented Immigrants Of The United States Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Undocumented immigrants in the United States cannot obtain a driver’s license since they do not have social security cards and other essential identification documents. A few states, however, have enacted laws to permit illegal immigrants to drive on the states’ public roads and highways. Such states, through their Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), issue driver’s authorization cards (DAC) to these immigrants (Nava par. 1). The policy gives the immigrants driving privilege and helpsRead MoreThe Misconception about Illegal Immigrants Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans believe that illegal immigrants are freeloaders they come to the United States to use our Social Services. Let’s define Social Services, â€Å"organized welfare efforts carried on under professional auspices by trained personnel (dictionary.com, 2011, para.1).† Examples of Social Services are Housing which is Government subsidized and public housing, Temporary Assistance to Ne edy Families (TANF), Food Stamps/Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Medicaid and Medicare, and SocialRead MoreWhat Is Illegal Immigration Doing to Our Country?1097 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Illegal Immigration Doing to Our Country? Illegal immigration is a controversial topic discussed in our country everyday. An illegal immigrant is anyone who has illegally crossed some kind of border whether it is by land, water, or air. These people are undocumented, unauthorized and unnaturalized people. In America’s case, these immigrants usually come from the south where the neighboring countries such as Cuba and Mexico reside. Some also come from Canada, but it is not too common. ShouldRead MoreImmigration Is The United States For The Past Years Essay748 Words   |  3 Pagesin United States for the past few years. Each year around 500,000 immigrants come into America illegally. Many try sneaking across the border, others are smuggled into the U.S. via shipping containers, in vehicles (automobile trucks) crossing the border at non-authorized locations. While some get caught, others quickly spread throughout the U.S. as far as Maine and New Hampshire. Since the 1960s till these present-day illegals continue to pour into the country at rapid numbers. The PopulationRead MoreIllegal Immigration Should Be Illegal Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration Illegal Immigration has been a problem in United States for the past few years. Each year around 500,000 immigrants come into America illegally. Many try sneaking across the border, others are smuggled into the U.S. via shipping containers, in vehicles (automobile trucks) crossing the border at non-authorized locations. While some get caught, others quickly spread throughout the U.S. as far as Maine and New Hampshire. Since the 1960s till these present-day illegals continueRead MoreThe Myths About Immigration By David Cole865 Words   |  4 Pagescalled the â€Å"Know-Nothings† who blamed all of America’s problems on immigrants. Cole then goes on to acknowledge what he believes are the five myths about immigration. These myths include: America is being overrun with immigrants, Immigrants take jobs from U.S. citizens, Immigrants are a drain on society’s resources, Aliens refuse to assimilate and are depriving us of our cultural and political unity, and lastly noncitizen immigrants are not entitled to constitutional rights. Cole gives reasons whyRead MoreShould Illegal Immigrants Be Allowed?857 Words   |  4 PagesShould Illegal Immigrants Be Able to Have Driver’s Licenses? The national debate of whether or not illegal immigrants should be able to obtain driver s licenses is not an easy issue to resolve. Two different sides have strong, valid points that adequately support their claims. So prior to making any rational decisions, both viewpoints should be closely observed. After a lot of research and deep thinking, I have decided that I am against the notion of illegal immigrants being grantedRead MoreMultiple Governments and Intergovernmental Relationships1454 Words   |  6 Pagesare disadvantages to multiple government relationships. This relationship can sometimes bring about conflict of authority and confusion regarding which regulations to follow. For example, the move toward legalizing marijuana, while marijuana is illegal to the federal government, each state can vote and implement its own policy regarding legalizing it from the local level. This creates a gray area due to the fact that people living in these states can be pros ecuted federally for the distributionRead MoreLegalizing Undocumented Immigrants : America1692 Words   |  7 PagesLegalizing Undocumented Immigrants America, the land of possibilities and greatest nation in the world. It is said to be the â€Å"land of the free† where people have the freedom to live without fearing a corrupt government, to practice any desired religion and express themselves in the way they seem most fit. America is that and much more. For many, it’s a place where dreams can become a reality, making the statement â€Å"the American dream† the most desired goal of those living in other parts of the world

Women s Influence On Women - 917 Words

There was a saying that â€Å"Behind every great man there is an even greater woman,† but that was not always the case for some of the literatures we have been reading. In some of the literatures, when a woman stood behind a man she was often viewed as substandard to the man in front. Women were not portrayed as a great shero, but rather as an object. They were expected to be obedient and faithful to their husband even if the husband was not. If any women were to raise an objection toward the men, then she would be considered disloyal and an outcast. Therefore, women were either viewed as inferior to men and were used for empowering men or as a sly and evil woman that would bring harm to those who done her wrong. In some of the literature we have been reading and discussing, women were portrayed as one of the following: a sex-object, a child-bearing tool, a great calamity, or a whore as viewed in a double standard view. The women in the Arabian Nights and the Epic of Gilgamesh were all viewed in a sexual way. Some were viewed as a sex-object used to satisfy one’s lust. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, the women were used to satisfy Gilgamesh’s sexual desire. Gilgamesh’s lust left no virgin in the city of Uruk (62). Women were not only described as an object to satisfy men, but they were also viewed as an object used to control men. The Harlot in the Epic of Gilgamesh was portrayed as a tool, rather than a person, that was used to controlled Enkidu. It was Gilgamesh, who told theShow MoreRelatedWomen s Influence On Women1288 Words   |  6 Pagespeople perceive women. Society in the 1900s to today has made makeup a necessity for a woman to be considered feminine. Cosmetics were first used in America in 1888 by an unknown inventor from Philadelphia, and were trademarked under the name Mumm. During the early years of the 20th century, makeup became fashionable in the United States of America and Europe owing to the influence of ballet and the atre stars (Chaudhri and Jain 2.) Makeup began to flourish in America in the 1930s. Women used the mostRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women846 Words   |  4 Pagesrecent times, which influenced a new worldview. During the 1960s, the liberation movement pushed for egalitarianism for women. This movement really made an impact on woman. Women started to rebel against the normal sexual traditions. Additionally, women started to shy away from their traditional roles in the home. It is not uncommon now for women and men to share household duties. Women also uphold demanding jobs and profession in society now. These multiple roles affect the woman in many ways. For instanceRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women1004 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising has been around since the 1850’s when Volney B. Palmer opened the first advertising agency in Philadelphia. From the beginning of this era, these ads have aided many businesses in promoting their products to the public but they don’t only promote these specific products. These advertisements promote what are thought to be social â€Å"norms† for women. They sell ideals for family, work, love, and the success that women are allowed to have. With all of this, they aim to communicate how a womanRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women2148 Words   |  9 Pageseveryone but unfortunately that is not the case. Pressures make women believe that they are not considered beautiful if they do not have magazine model bodies or they don’t have the face structure of a celebrity or they do something different than the norm with their hair or they are too short. It really is not a wonder why women struggle to feel pretty every day. False impressions are being put in the minds of youth and public by media that women just can’t live up to and shouldn’t have to. It all startsRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women Essay2292 Words   |  10 PagesQuestion: â€Å"Women received the vote based on their contribu tion to the war effort†. How accurate is this view that women gained the vote based solely on war work? 20 marks Attitudes towards women in 1900 were very different from attitudes today. In 1900 women’s personality traits were traditionally that they were emotional, untruthful immature, and so they were seen unfit and unworthy of the vote by men at that time. Many historians argue that there were many factors which led women to receivingRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women1084 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lives of slave women during slavery in the Caribbean and the Southern parts of the USA. According to Deborah Gray White women has lost their identity, because the history of women has been based off of myth rather than the history of women (ar’n’t I a woman page 3). History is supposed to give people a clearly look into their past, but women believe that they have to prove their women hood; although, many women has proven this during slavery and all of their hard ships, women are still lookingRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women1599 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 1920s, â₠¬Ëœ30s, and ‘40s, women were making extreme social progress. They were starting to wear more revealing clothing, cutting their hair shorter, and generally becoming more respected in society. When the 1950’s came, however, women seemed to backtrack. The ‘50s housewife is a common stereotype associated with these times because of the rapid increase of ‘stay at home’ mothers. It was now the women’s job to stay at home and clean, cook, and watch the children when the husband was at workRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women1167 Words   |  5 PagesA notion of women have changed through encounter of various European people. Before that, they have their original culture, especially women role in the society was characteristic among mid-seventeenth centry to eighteen century. At the beginning of the book, the author Gunlong Fur shows that women had important role in the Native American society of Lenape. Firstly, they had responsibility of cultivating food, like corn and other vegetables. At this point, women knew when they should sow seeds byRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women997 Words   |  4 PagesOn a regularly basis women are judged for their appearance everywhere they may go. Whether it is by other woman or men, there are always negative remarks said about women. This is usually the reason why woman chose to wear make, to feel better about themselves during every occasion and enhance and array the beauty they already have. Of course, it is not necessary for woman to wear, but woman still do it because it makes them feel better. It is a form of great art used to elevate the beauty each womanRead MoreWomen s Influence On Women Essay1385 Words   |  6 Pagesthat when a women desires something, no one can stop her.† Individuals, scholars, and groups concerned with human rights and feminism, often criticize Islam over the treatment of their women. Westerners, such as form er first lady, Laura Bush, began a social political crusade in the name of â€Å"saving Muslim women† from â€Å"deliberate human cruelty.† In literature, they were depicted as stubborn, unfaithful, fragile, whose actions were based on the fear of the male figure. In everyday life, women are faced

The Better Self in Ourselves Free Essays

The influx of self-help books in today’s ultra-modern world is by no means an accident. They are by-products of a world that has become more complicated and complex as the ways in which it has to be lived in. This complexity coincides with the development of more complex thought processes that seek to find meanings in life and how everyone fits into that life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Better Self in Ourselves or any similar topic only for you Order Now That search for meaning and the process of meaning-making involve attempts to make sense of the existence of one’s self as a tiny spot relative to the vastness of the cosmic universe. This has led many social scientists to develop theories that attempt to explain ways through which the self can be understood in its multi-faceted contexts. John Locke underscored the importance of the â€Å"continuity of consciousness† through an enabled memory and imagination (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007). He believed that a person can understand his/her self by examining the past and imagining the future. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, on the other hand, stressed the significance of the society as a necessary and yet corruptible element in understanding one’s self (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). The former emphasizes the objective self-examination while the latter stresses the subjective self-expression. Sigmund Freud believed that human beings have irrational, primitive and animalistic instincts that should be repressed for the betterment of one’s self and the society at large (Curtis, 2002); while Wilhelm Reich claimed that it is the repression of the society of the â€Å"original† forces and emotions within human beings that makes human beings irrational (The Wilhelm Reich Museum). And quite contemporarily, Ian Hacking advances the practice of disciplinary psychology as a means to define selfhood in its socio-cultural contexts (Hacking, 2002). It has offered individuals the tools through which they can take a deeper look at their inner selves in relation to the society and the world they live in. Towards a Better Understanding of the Self in Ourselves All the psychological theories and practices cited thus far have only one aim: to make us understand ourselves more than how we understand ourselves now. They provide us tools so we can acquire skills to help us learn more about ourselves and to nurture that self within ourselves for a better us. Their primary objective is to illuminate the existence of one’s self and give us enlightenment to enable us to view that self in new and better perspectives and vantage points with the hope that we can be better for ourselves, the people around us and the society we live in. Disciplinary psychology posits that if we could understand our psychological self better, we can understand the kind of person that we are. Doing so, we can be that person we aspire to be. We can be astronauts, airline pilots, NBA superstars, forensic scientists, geologists, etc. There are infinite possibilities of being who we want to be if we just indeed are able to understand ourselves better. Truly, while there are infinite possibilities of being ourselves, there are also infinite questions that needed to be answered about ourselves. As time changes and as the world becomes more modernized, the concepts of personhood and selfhood become even more complicated. Questions about humanity become more apparent. When we question why we are driven by this desire to succeed and gain more material wealth, we turn to become pseudo-psychoanalysts in trying to understand this desire and how it can manipulate us if not tempered with reason. And as our consciousness is feed with the commercialism we see around us, engendered by the consumerism in the media, we are guided by the fact that advertisements use psychoanalysis to manipulate human minds to become infatuated with manufactured desires. We are reminded of the â€Å"police within our heads that needs to be destroyed† (Curtis, 2002). When we question our temperaments and attitudes towards love, life and work, we may turn to looking back at how we were brought up, the environment we grew up with and the kind of upbringing that we had. Disciplinary psychology guides us to look back and look forward and struggle to find meanings in those acts. Indeed, while disciplinary psychology offers us tools to gain better understanding of ourselves, the synthesis depends on our own willingness to analyze. While it can provide us maps to where we could finally go, the choices of directions we take remain our own pre-occupation. And while it gives us patterns through which we could build our own conceptions about ourselves, our self-concept remains our own decision. In the final analysis, disciplinary psychology can provide us proper guidance, but the path towards better understanding of one’s self depends on our own will to tread that path forcefully and purposefully. And as always, that willingness can be questioned psychologically. How to cite The Better Self in Ourselves, Papers

Titians Pesaro and Assunta Essay Example For Students

Titians Pesaro and Assunta Essay What was the importance of these two altarpieces for the development of painting in Venice, both from a stylistic and iconographic point of view? It has been said that Titians Assunta, which adorns the high altar, and Pesaro on the left aisle of the chapel of the Immaculate Conception stand mid-way between the past and the future of Venetian painting. This infers that Titian drew on established traditions learnt from his masters Bellini and Giorgione, and imbued his works with a freshness and inspiration not seen before. Furthermore, it becomes apparent that his sensitive construction of the works à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" considering the authority of his patrons à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" facilitate a depth of interpretation which highlight both the sacred and civic concerns of the time. To illustrate Titians progressive role in Venetian art history, I will draw on Renaissance documentation, and contemporary research that notes the stylistic and iconographic elements of these altarpieces. In 1568 the Florentine chronicler Vasari wrote of Titian, Titianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦who has adorned with great pictures the City of Veniceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦deserves the love and respect of all craftsmen, who ought to admire and imitate him in many things. For he is a painter who has producedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦work whichà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦will live as long as the memory of illustrious men endures . This is a useful starting point for such an investigation: this representation is valid, since Vasari had met and spoken to him while writing the book, and being a Florentine he wasnt so susceptible to employing the Venetian rhetoric which could tend to be biased. We will write a custom essay on Titians Pesaro and Assunta specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The contemporary chronicler Ludovico Dolce recorded the shock and criticism the Assunta attracted when it was first unveiled. Such controversy points to its radicalism and supports assertions that it was influential for developing artists: For all , the oafish painters and the foolish masses, who until then had seen nothing but the dead and cold works of Giovanni Bellini, of Gentile, and of Vivarinoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, which were without movement and modelling, grossly defamed the picture. Then, as envy cooled and the truth slowly dawned on them, people began to marvel at the new style established in Venice by Titianà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ There is good reason to conclude that the Assunta and Pesaro altarpieces rank amongst the finest and most notary of Titians works. In his book, The Altarpiece in Renaissance Venice, Peter Humfrey claims that the exceptionally large number of churches in Venice elevated the prevalence of this style, as they all needed to be decorated. The lack of fresco painting due to the humid climate meant more panel paintings were constructed, and so Venetian painters tended to concentrate their most ambitious effortsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on altar painting Limitations of the investigation The lack of primary documentation from this era hinders our ability to place the artwork in its socio-cultural context. When relying on the rhetoric of the State-appointed historians, we must consider the bias that results from their upholding of the Myth of Venice. Obviously, the value of these to the research question is limited; being contemporary, they are unable to describe Titians long-term influence on Venetian painting. Definition of key terms When analysing artwork from a stylistic point of view, all visual not metaphorical factors are taken into account. Issues of composition, symmetry and asymmetry, colour palette, application of paint, and rendering of forms are all relevant. Iconography refers to any elements of the painting that can be left open for a religious or sacred interpretation. These two points of view are inextricably linked: for example, the placement re: composition, thus stylistic element of the Madonna and Child, elevated in the centre of a devotional painting also has iconographic references: this was their traditional position, and portrayed their roles as intercessors between the figures below, and God in Heaven above. In this context, the altarpiece refers to a painting set behind an above the altar in a Christian church. Painted altarpieces might be accompanied by sculpture, as in the case of Titians Assunta, which features three free-standing marble figures on the frame. The term sacra conversazione refers to the type of composition made popular by Bellini, where a group of saints are gathered in a unified space. Any conversation between saints is solely spiritual and internal; paradoxically, as soon as obvious communication takes place in the case of Titians Pesaro, the composition no longer conforms to what constitutes a sacra conversazione . Established traditions in altarpiece design Titian was painting amongst the turbulent climate of the age of Reformation and the Counter-Reformation: this may have influenced his work, endowing it with a greater sense of drama and more overt display of emotion which is evident especially in Assunta. This was a significant development from the entrenched Venetian style established by Bellini: his altarpieces were characteristically tranquil and meditive Humfrey refers to Bellinis Diletti, S. Giobbe and St Catherine of Sienna altarpieces in defining the sacra conversazione. His style embodies the Venetian ethos of La Serenissima. Stylistic developments in Assunta and Pesaro altarpieces While depictions of the Assumption scene had been painted by such names as Vivarini and Palma Vecchio, Titians subjects are much more powerfully built and more dynamic in their gestures than the relatively angular and timid figures in the earlier altarpieces. There is a mood of vivacity and upward movement, driven by the shifts in dark and light through the three zones disciples, Madonna, God and angels. .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .postImageUrl , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:hover , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:visited , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:active { border:0!important; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:active , .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192 .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u27fca0c8ff07ed0115940155cd1f5192:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Warhol's Portraits EssayThe viewers eye is arrested by the raised arms of the disciples, the foreshortening of the virgins body refuses to let the eye rest, until it reaches the sweeping group of angels. Rosand affirms the stylistic importance of this work, in suggesting that its unveiling heralded the arrival of the classical High Renaissance in Venice. Titians dramatic gestures and breadth of form draws comparisons to the art of Raphael, and in particular, his Assumption. Some scholars suggest Titian may have seen preparatory sketches for this work around the time he received the commission for Assunta , in which case the originality of his work is dubious. However, the fact that he hadnt yet undertaken the artists pilgrimage to Rome and viewed the works of Raphael and his contemporaries, offers credibility in terms of his artistic innovation. A justification of why Assunta was not accepted by the patron, Guardian of the Fransiscan order, Fra Germano, was because the human forms are too sensual. A highly rhetorical passage from a 1910 book by Charles Ricketts, asserts that the face of Mary satisfies us as expressing ecstasy in a human type . While being ultimately subjective, it sheds light on how people would personally react to it. The exuberant vitality would have been frightening and even offensive, to generations used to Bellinis style. The Assunta is notable in combining two significant biblical events: the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, and the Coronation. The Coronation was a theme most usually represented in a horizontal format, yet perhaps this extensive thematic content would have offered more scope for drama and innovation when it was to be set in a tall, arched format. Infact, when Titian received the commission to construct this work, it was the largest altarpiece that had ever been seen in Venice. In the same way, Pesaro demonstrates an unorthodox blending of styles: the altarpiece painting and the votive portrait style. He transforms the traditional composition of the sacra conversazione from one of centrality, to asymmetry. Rona Goffen supports this notion, claiming there was no real precedent in earlier altar paintings for this asymmetrical scheme . The shift in the Madonna and Childs positioning has iconographic ramifications, as a central position reflects their supreme role in the relationship with the saints and patrons. They still dominate the Pesaro, their elevation conveys importance, and their split attention Madonna looking to the left, and the Child to the right is the key to uniting the two groups. Titian draws on characteristics of the popular votive picture paintings depicting a patron venerating a saint in a more intimate association à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" for example, Titians Bishop Jacopo Pesaro Presented to St. Peter by Pope Alexander VI à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" which include profile perspectives of subjects, asymmetry, and inclusion of things that represent the patron. The advent of x-ray technology has shown the extent to which Titian refined, and reconstructed stylistic elements of the Pesaro which were originally more Belliniesque in concept. The discovery of underlying pentimenti support this claim, and reveal at least two changes of plan: the first resembles a Bellini work, with a vaulted loggia-like arrangement. The second experimented with a curtain slung across and a Corinthian capital, before the final two colossal columns were executed. Obviously he maintained an awareness of his teachers and a connection with the familiar, yet he presents a notable departure from the Venetian tradition of the Quattrocento, in the disjuncture he establishes between the realm of the church, and inside the painting. Titian has successfully reinterpreted the relationship between the image and the worshipper, denying access to the observer, in contrast to Bellinis devotional portraits, where the viewer was able to connect with the humanity of the Virgin Mary by her gaze out of the painting. Iconographic developments in the Assunta and Pesaro altarpieces Much has been written about the role of the columns in the background of the Pesaro altarpiece. David Rosand cites historical texts which interprete the columns to be architectural symbols of Mary, the heavenly ladder by which God descends to Earth, so that through her, those men who merit it ascend to heaven If we agree with this summation of Mary as the stairway to heaven, then these columns can be seen as iconography, rising up to heaven. This appears plausible, since there doesnt seem to be any indication of a natural termination to these columns. Alternatively, the columns could be a direct illustration of the text of Ecclesiasticus 24:7, and my throne is a cloudy pillar. This has a special relevance, since other passages from Ecclesiasticus 24 have been linked by art historians to the Immaculate Conception, which is the theme of this altarpiece. The issue of the Immaculate Conception à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the idea that Mary was exempt from original sin at the moment of her conception à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" was the cause for much antagonism between the Fransiscans and the Dominicans, who preferred to believe that like St John the Baptist, Mary hadnt been conceived without sin, but sanctified in the womb. .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .postImageUrl , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:hover , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:visited , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:active { border:0!important; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:active , .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686 .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u211b693b4346580613ddc39540d93686:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Baroque and Classical Wordpainting Techniques EssayThus, not only are the columns significant iconography within the altarpiece, but relate to themes which promote the Fransiscan theology. Adversely, Humfrey dismisses any iconographic significance that these columns might contribute. Their purpose is primarily pictorial: to give greater structural coherenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and to endow the scene with an aura ofà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦grandeur. This alternative appears to supplement the x-ray evidence that Titian experimented with a variety of architectural solutions to create a setting that would achieve architectural, as well as theological decorum Like many devotional scenes that d epict the Madonna and Child, there are many references to Christs destined crucifixion. It should be noted that Fransiscan theory concentrates on the Passion, which can be read here as evidence of patrons concerns being inextricably linked with the subject matter of these works. Marys gesture towards his raised foot alludes to his stigmata and the crucifixion. Titian follows popular depiction of St. Francis patron saint of the Fransiscan order; his open hand alludes to his stigmata, yet is also a tool to allow the eye to travel around the composition. St. Francis position makes him intercessor between the Pesaro family and Christ. These allusions to the Passion become explicit in the depiction of the two putti in the clouds, who support a large wooden cross. The extent of the Pesaros iconographic significance can be challenged with the knowledge of the particular troubles Titian had to overcome regarding the placement of the work. The viewer first encounters the altarpiece from an angle, approaching the high altar. Hence, the composition must accommodate not only this view, but a full-frontal perspective. It seems that these conditions would have challenged Titians creativity, and the question of what stands due to necessity and what stands as iconography in this work makes analysis a complicated issue. With the Assunta, Goffen suggests that the stylistic feature of circular forms carries iconographic relevance. While they unify the composition within the painting, the curved architecture of the choir screen and the apse, they refer metaphorically to God, circles being His geometric equivalent . The gold tones prevalent in the work allow for a similar reading, that golden light represents His divine illumination. The light becomes more intense and golden as we cross the boundary between the mundane and the sacred realms, reaching its full density when it reaches God. This golden light and illumination embodies Marys triumph over sin and death. The extent to which the role of patronage inhibited artistic innovation We have an inhibited ability to interpret works as reflections of the artists innovation and artistic development since they were largely contrived according to the demands of the patrons. In Titians Pesaro, Jacopo Pesaros demands were well documented. The terms of Titians commission stipulated that he include full-length kneeling portraits of Jacopo, his brothers and nephew . In meeting these requirements, this could perhaps account for Titians unusual composition, and if true, it negates the interpretation of significant stylistic innovation. It appears Pesaro wanted numerous images represented in his altarpiece, supported by Ettlinger who studied the iconography of the columns: Pesaroà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦believed that a successful integration of all elements could be achieved . Alongside the depiction of the Immaculate Conception and his veneration of it, the inclusion of his family, and emblems which celebrated his illustrious military career were involved. The presence of so much diverse symbolism complicates an interpretation of the artworks iconography, which has been demonstrated in the plethora of scholars explanations in regard to the columns in the background of the Pesaro altarpiece. As a Mendicant friar, Fra Germano Casale could not own property, although he is commerated as the patron of the Assunta . The date of unveiling and his name is inscribed on the frame, which sufficiently serves as documentation of the patronage and commission. Even if Germano relied on bequests to the Frari to fund the work, his vested interests are apparent when we read of his constant harassing of Titian while it was being painted. It reinforces the notion raised with the Pesaro, that the presence of the patrons places an influence on the outcome of the painting, so much so that it enables interpretations based on the political and social interests of the patrons. It is the many possible readings of these works, not only from a stylistic and iconographic point of view, that make the Assunta and Pesaro such enigmatic and monumental works. In capturing the ideals and beliefs from their time while exhibiting such progressive artistic features, they hold great importance for the development of painting in Venice.